2025 Valid H12-821_V1.0 test answers & Huawei Exam PDF [Q109-Q133]

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2025 Valid H12-821_V1.0 test answers & Huawei Exam PDF

Free Huawei H12-821_V1.0 Exam Questions and Answer from Training Expert PassTestking

Q109. Which of the following statements is true about BGP?

If the export routing policy applied to a BGP peer changes, manual intervention is required so that the device resends Update messages to the peer.

IGP routes can be converted into BGP routes only through the network command.

A router cannot be configured with multiple BGP processes.

Open messages carry only the BGP header.

Export Routing Policy Changes
* When an export routing policy is modified, BGP does not automatically resend affected routes. Manual intervention, such as a clear ip bgp command, is required to resend Update messages reflecting the new policy.
Incorrect Options
* B. IGP routes can also be advertised into BGP using redistribution, not just the network command.
* C. A router can be configured with multiple BGP processes using different AS numbers (multi-instance BGP).
* D. Open messages carry additional parameters such as AS number, Hold Time, and Router ID, not just the header.
HCIP-Datacom-Core Reference
* BGP policy and update behavior are detailed in the route control and redistribution chapters.

Q110. Typically, a protocol that occupies two ports during communication is called a multi-channel protocol. For such protocols, the ASPF function must be enabled on the firewall to ensure smooth setup of the data channel and reduce the risk of attacks. Which of the following protocols is not a multi-channel protocol?

FTP

SIP

SMTP

H.323

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
Multi-Channel Protocols:
Multi-channel protocols use separate channels for control and data communication, requiring application- specific packet filtering (ASPF) to track sessions.
Examples:
FTP (A):Uses separate control and data channels.
SIP (B):Uses multiple ports for signaling and media.
H.323 (D):A VoIP protocol using multiple channels.
Single-Channel Protocol:
SMTP (C):A single-channel protocol for email communication, which does not require ASPF.
References:
HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter: Firewall ASPF Configuration
Huawei Multi-Channel Protocol Handling

Q111. Which of the following is the default interval at which the DIS on a broadcast IS_IS network sends CSNPs.

3.3

Q112. In which of the following scenarios can a neighbor relationshipnotbe established between two directly connected Huawei routers after IS-IS is configured?

The two routers are Level-2 routers with the same area address, and the interfaces connecting them are on the same network segment.

One router is a Level-1 router, and the other router is a Level-2 router.

The two routers are Level-2 routers and have different area addresses.

The two routers are Level-1 routers and have different area addresses.

In IS-IS:
Level-1 routerscan only form neighbor relationships with other Level-1 routersin the same area.
Level-2 routerscan form neighbor relationships with other Level-2 routersregardless of area ID.
Level-1-2 routerscan form relationships at both levels depending on the peer’s configuration.
So, iftwo Level-1 routershavedifferent area addresses, theycannotestablish a neighbor relationship.
Reference from Huawei HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Study Guide:
“Level-1 routers must have the same area address to establish neighbor relationships. Level-2 routers can peer across different areas.” (Chapter: IS-IS Protocol Principles – Section: Neighbor Establishment)

Q113. On a P2P IS-IS network, after a neighbor relationship is established between R1 and R2, R2 finds that its LSDB is not synchronized. Then, R2 requests corresponding LSPs from R1 for LSDB synchronization. The following figure shows the synchronization process. Drag the following packet types to the steps in which they are used.(Token is reusable)

Explanation:
A screenshot of a computer Description automatically generated

Explanation of IS-IS Packet Types and Synchronization Process:
In the given scenario, R2 requests LSPs from R1 to synchronize its Link State Database (LSDB). The following IS-IS packet types are involved in this synchronization process:
1. P2P IIH (Point-to-Point IS-IS Hello):
* Purpose: Establishes and maintains IS-IS neighbor relationships.
* Step: This packet is exchanged initially to detect and maintain the adjacency between R1 and R2.
2. PSNP (Partial Sequence Number PDU):
* Purpose: Requests missing or outdated LSPs (Link State PDUs) from a neighbor to synchronize the LSDB.
* Step: In this case, R2 sends a PSNP to R1 to request the missing or outdated LSP.
3. LSP (Link State PDU):
* Purpose: Contains routing information and is used to update the LSDB.
* Step: R1 sends the requested LSPs to R2 for synchronization.
4. CSNP (Complete Sequence Number PDU):
* Purpose: Lists all LSPs in the sender’s LSDB to help neighbors verify and request missing LSPs.
* Step: R1 sends a CSNP during retransmission timeout to notify R2 of its LSPs.

Q114. An enterprise network runs OSPF to implement network communication. Which of the following types of LSAs may be generated by an ABR?

NSSA LSA

AS External LSA

Network Summary LSA

ASBR Summary LSA

Comprehensive and Detailed in-depth Step-by-Step Explanation:
AnArea Border Router (ABR)is an OSPF router that connects multiple areas, including the backbone area (Area 0). It plays a critical role in summarizing and propagating routing information between areas. The types of LSAs that an ABR can generate include:
Network Summary LSA (Type 3):
ABRs generate Type 3 LSAs to summarize and propagate routes from one area into another.
For example, an ABR generates a Type 3 LSA to inform other areas about the networks in the area it is connected to.
ASBR Summary LSA (Type 4):
If an ASBR exists in one of the OSPF areas connected to the ABR, the ABR generates Type 4 LSAs.
These LSAs provide information about how to reach the ASBR.
NSSA LSA (Type 7):
If the ABR is connected to a Not-So-Stubby Area (NSSA), it can generate Type 7 LSAs.
These LSAs are used to describe external routes imported into the NSSA.
AS External LSA (Type 5):
These LSAs are not typically generated by an ABR unless the ABR is also functioning as an ASBR. Type 5 LSAs are used to describe external routes imported into OSPF from other autonomous systems.
Therefore,NSSA LSA (A),Network Summary LSA (C), andASBR Summary LSA (D)are valid answers.AS External LSA (B)would only be correct if the ABR were also functioning as an ASBR, but that is not explicitly stated in the question.
References:
Huawei HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter on “OSPF LSAs and ABR Functions”.
RFC 2328 – OSPF Version 2.

Q115. A switch running a later IGMP version can identify Report messages of an earlier IGMP version, but the switch running an earlier IGMP version cannot identify Report messages of a later IGMP version. To ensure that IGMP runs properly, you are advised to set the IGMP version on the switch to be the same as or later than the IGMP version of member hosts.

TRUE

FALSE

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
1. Understanding IGMP Version Compatibility:
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) supports multiple versions, such as IGMPv1, IGMPv2, and IGMPv3.
A device running alater versionof IGMP is backward-compatible and can identify Report messages from earlier versions.
However, a device running anearlier versionof IGMP cannot recognize the newer features or formats of later IGMP versions.
2. Best Practice:
To avoid compatibility issues, the IGMP version configured on the switch should be thesame as or later thanthe version used by the member hosts in the network.
3. Why the Statement is TRUE:
The statement is correct because it describes the compatibility behavior of IGMP versions and advises setting the switch IGMP version appropriately.
Reference:
Huawei HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter “IGMP Configuration.”

Q116. A Layer 2 switch supports multiple types of Ethernet interfaces. Similar to a trunk interface, a hybrid interface allows data frames from multiple VLANs to pass through. In addition, you can determine whether data frames from a VLAN sent out from a hybrid interface are tagged or untagged.

TRUE

FALSE

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
1. Understanding Hybrid Interfaces on a Layer 2 Switch:
* Layer 2 switches support different interface types, such as access, trunk, and hybrid interfaces.
* A trunk interface allows traffic from multiple VLANs to pass through, but frames belonging to the native VLAN are sent untagged, while all other VLAN frames are tagged.
* A hybrid interface is more flexible:
* It allows traffic from multiple VLANs to pass through, just like a trunk interface.
* However, you can configure whether frames for specific VLANs are tagged or untagged as they leave the interface. This feature is useful in certain networking scenarios, such as connecting devices that do not support VLAN tagging.
2. Key Differences Between Trunk and Hybrid Interfaces:
A screenshot of a computer Description automatically generated

3. Why the Statement is TRUE:
* The statement accurately describes the functionality of a hybrid interface:
* It supports traffic from multiple VLANs.
* It allows administrators to configure whether outgoing frames are tagged or untagged for specific VLANs.
4. Summary:
* The statement is TRUE because hybrid interfaces on a Layer 2 switch support traffic from multiple VLANs and allow flexible tagging configurations.

Q117. Drag the following VRRP states to the corresponding working mechanisms.

Explanation:
Master
Backup
Master
Backup

Q118. A route-policy consists of one or more nodes. What is the maximum number of nodes in a route-policy?

4096

65535

256

1024

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
* Route Policy Overview:
* A route-policy is a policy-based routing tool that filters and modifies routing information.
* It consists of one or more nodes, and each node can specify match conditions and apply actions to routes.
* Maximum Number of Nodes:
* The maximum number of nodes supported in a route-policy is 1024, allowing flexibility in route filtering and control.
References:
* HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter: Route-Policy Configuration
* Huawei Route-Policy Configuration Guidelines

Q119. OSPF supports area authentication and interface authentication. If both authentication modes are configured, Interface authentication takes preference over area authentication.

TRUE

FALSE

OSPF supports both area-level and interface-level authentication. When both are configured, interface authentication takes precedence over area authentication. This hierarchy ensures that specific interface-level configurations override the broader area-level settings when applicable .

Q120. When two routers exchange LSDB information using DD packets, a master/slave relationship is formed first, the router with a larger router ID is the master, and determine the MS bit.

TRUE

FALSE

Q121. The Interface P address and VRRP virtual IP address can be the same.

TRUE

FALSE

BFD control packets are encapsulated in UDP packets, and the destination port number for multi-hop BFD control packets is 4784. This is a standardized port for multi-hop BFD operation .

Q122. On an enterprise network, the directly connected interfaces of two OSPF routers are on different network segments and have different masks. To establish an OSPF neighbor relationship between the two interfaces, you can change their network types to which of the following?

Point-to-point

NBMA

P2MP

Broadcast

Comprehensive and Detailed in-depth Step-by-Step Explanation:
To establish an OSPF neighbor relationship, the following conditions must be met:
The routers must share a common network segment.
Their Hello and Dead intervals must match.
Their OSPF network types must be compatible.
The IP subnet masks must match.
If two OSPF routers are ondifferent network segmentsand havedifferent subnet masks, one solution is to change the OSPFnetwork typetoPoint-to-Point (P2P)on both interfaces.
Point-to-Point (P2P):
In a P2P network type, OSPF ignores the subnet mask mismatch and establishes the neighbor relationship regardless of the network mask.
This is ideal for directly connected links between two routers.
NBMA (Non-Broadcast Multi-Access):
This network type is used for networks like Frame Relay or ATM, where a single physical interface connects to multiple neighbors.
It is not applicable to solving subnet mask mismatches for a single link.
P2MP (Point-to-Multipoint):
This type treats the link as multiple P2P links. It is mainly used in hub-and-spoke topologies.
While it can be configured to solve subnet mask mismatches, it is more complex and less commonly used compared to the P2P type.
Broadcast:
This type requires all routers on the same segment to agree on subnet masks, so it cannot resolve the subnet mask mismatch issue.
Therefore, the correct answer isA. Point-to-point.
References:
Huawei HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter on “OSPF Neighbor Relationships”.
RFC 2328 – OSPF Version 2, Section 10.

Q123. Which of the following statements are true about the packet filtering firewall?

The packet filtering firewall can analyze associated packets to improve security.

The packet filtering firewall supports per-packet detection.

The packet filtering firewall can check application-layer data.

The packet filtering firewall filters data packets based on ACLs.

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
* Packet Filtering Firewall:
* A packet filtering firewall inspects packets at the network and transport layers based on predefined rules (e.g., ACLs).
* Correct Statements:
* Option B: Packet filtering is performed on a per-packet basis.
* Option D: ACLs define the filtering rules for traffic.
* Incorrect Statements:
* Option A: Packet filtering firewalls do not analyze associated packets. For this, a stateful firewall is required.
* Option C: Application-layer inspection is not supported. This functionality is provided by application-layer firewalls.
References:
* HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter: Firewalls
* Huawei Firewall Packet Filtering Configuration

Q124. During the DHCP interaction process, the DHCP server and client exchange various types of packets. Which of the following packets is not sent from the client to the server?

DHCP Release

DHCPNAK

DHCP Request

DHCP Discover

The DHCPNAK message is sent by the DHCP server to the client to indicate that the requested configuration is not valid. Messages like DHCPDiscover, DHCPRequest, and DHCPRelease are initiated by the client in the DHCP process .

Q125. Which of the following is the default dead time of an interface on an OSPF P2P or broadcast network?

40s

120s

60s

10s

Thedefault Hello intervalon an OSPF P2P (Point-to-Point) or Broadcast network is10 seconds, and thedefault Dead intervalis40 seconds.
The Dead interval is the time a router waits without receiving a Hello packet from a neighbor before declaring it down.
Reference from Huawei HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Study Guide:
“For broadcast and P2P network types, the default Hello interval is 10 seconds and the Dead interval is 40 seconds.” (Chapter: OSPF Interface Types – Section: OSPF Timers)

Q126. A firewall receives a packet that PC1 sends to PC2. Which of the following statements are true?

The packet does not match any security policy.

The packet matches security policy rule 1, and the firewall forwards the packet.

No source or destination security zone is specified in security policy rule 2, indicating that any security zone is a match.

The packet matches security policy rule 1, and the firewall discards the packet.

The security policy specifies that traffic originating from12.1.1.2and destined for the untrust zone is permitted. Since the source address of the packet (12.1.1.1) does not match this rule, thepacket matches the default implicit deny rule. However, rule 1 does not deny all other traffic explicitly, so the packet is forwarded based on further configurations .

Q127. The administrator of an enterprise configures SNMPv3 on a device for communicating with the NMS (Network Management System). After the configuration is complete, the display trapbuffer command output shows that there are traps in the trap buffer of the information center, but the NMS does not receive any of them. Which of the following may cause this problem?

The SNMP version configured on the device is different from the SNMP version of traps sent by the device.

The SNMPv3 password used by the NMS is incorrect.

The size of packets sent by the NMS exceeds the threshold set on the device.

The community name configured on the NMS is inconsistent with that configured on the device.

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) v3 is a more secure version of SNMP, supporting authentication and encryption.
* If the NMS is not receiving SNMPv3 traps, possible causes include:
* A. FALSE # The SNMP version mismatch does not affect traps; devices can send SNMPv2 traps even when using SNMPv3.
* B. TRUE # If the SNMPv3 password is incorrect, authentication will fail, and traps will not be processed by the NMS.
* C. FALSE # The size of packets sent by the NMS does not affect incoming SNMP traps from the router.
* D. TRUE # The community name must match on both the NMS and the router, or traps will be ignored.
# Reference: Huawei HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, SNMPv3 Configuration and Authentication.

Q128. If a router ID is configured in both the system via and the BGP view, BGP uses the router ID configured in the BGP view because the BGP view takes precedence over the system view.

TRUE

FALSE

Q129. On an OSPF network, an algorithm is used to prevent loops within an area, but loops may occur between areas. Therefore, OSPF defines a loop prevention mechanism for inter-area routes. Which of the following statements are true about the loop prevention mechanism?

Inter-area routes cannot be directly transmitted between non-backbone areas.

All non-backbone areas must be directly connected to area 0.

Inter-area routes need to be forwarded through area 0.

An ABR cannot inject Type 3 LSAs that describe routes to a network segment in an area back to thesame area.

OSPF Area Design and Loop Prevention:
OSPF uses a hierarchical structure with areas to improve scalability and efficiency. Area 0, the backbone area, plays a crucial role in ensuring loop-free route distribution between areas. The following mechanisms are key to preventing routing loops:
Strict adherence to hierarchical area design.
Prohibition of direct inter-area route exchanges between non-backbone areas.
HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Training Material (OSPF Basics and Advanced Concepts).
Analysis of Each Statement:
A: Inter-area routes cannot be directly transmitted between non-backbone areas.This statement isTRUE.
OSPF mandates that all inter-area routing must pass through Area 0. Direct inter-area route exchanges between two non-backbone areas are not allowed to prevent loops.
Reference:HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Training Material (Inter-Area Routing Mechanisms).
B: All non-backbone areas must be directly connected to area 0.This statement isTRUE. OSPF requires every non-backbone area to connect directly to Area 0 to facilitate loop-free inter-area routing. Virtual links may be configured in exceptional cases where direct connection is not possible.
Reference:HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Training Material (OSPF Backbone and Area Connectivity).
C: Inter-area routes need to be forwarded through area 0.This statement isTRUE. All inter-area traffic must traverse Area 0 to ensure hierarchical routing and loop prevention. This rule is a core design principle of OSPF.
Reference:HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Training Material (Routing Control and Loop Prevention in OSPF).
D: An ABR cannot inject Type 3 LSAs that describe routes to a network segment in an area back to the same area.This statement isTRUE. OSPF explicitly prohibits an ABR from injecting Type 3 LSAs describing a route into the same area where the route originates. This mechanism prevents routing loops within an area.
Reference:HCIP-Datacom Advanced Routing & Switching Technology (OSPF LSA Types and ABR Behavior).
Conclusion:All options (A, B, C, D) are correct. OSPF enforces a robust loop prevention mechanism through hierarchical routing, mandatory traversal via Area 0, and strict rules on LSA propagation by ABRs. This ensures reliable and loop-free inter-area routing in OSPF networks.

Q130. The following figure shows the OSPF network of an enterprise and the OSPF configurations of R1. Which of the following statements is false about the network?

R2 can access the server.

GE 0/0/1 of R1 cannot send OSPF packets.

The network segment to which GE 0/0/1 of R1 belongs cannot be advertised.

GE 0/0/1 of R1 cannot accept OSPF packets.

Silent Interface Explanation
Thesilent-interfacecommand is used to prevent OSPF from sending or receiving OSPF packets on the specified interface (GE 0/0/1). This disables OSPF adjacency establishment and stops route advertisement for that interface.
Network Observations
Statement A: R2 can access the server.This is correct, as the silent interface does not impact data traffic, only OSPF-related communication.
Statement B: GE 0/0/1 of R1 cannot send OSPF packets.Correct due to thesilent-interfaceconfiguration.
Statement C: The network segment to which GE 0/0/1 of R1 belongs cannot be advertised.This is correct, as the silent interface prevents route advertisement.
Statement D: GE 0/0/1 of R1 cannot accept OSPF packets.Correct, as the silent interface configuration blocks packet reception.
HCIP-Datacom-Core Reference
OSPF interface command behavior is outlined in the configuration and lab examples sections.

Q131. BGP is generally applied to complex networks where routes change frequently. Frequent route flapping consumes a large number of bandwidth and CPU resources, and even affects the normal operation of the network. This is an unavoidable problem that cannot be solved in BGP.

TRUE

FALSE

BGP Route Flapping and Mitigation
* While route flapping is a concern in large-scale networks, BGP employs mechanisms such as Route Dampening to mitigate its impact. Route dampening suppresses frequently flapping routes for a period of time to reduce resource consumption and network instability.
* Therefore, it is incorrect to state that the issue cannot be resolved in BGP.
HCIP-Datacom-Core Reference
* The mechanism of route dampening is detailed in the BGP optimization chapters.

Q132. Huawei modular devices have multiple hardware modules that provide different functions. Match the following hardware modules with their functions.

Explanation:
The hardware modules of Huawei modular devices and their functions are:
* Main Processing Unit (MPU): Provides control and management planes for the entire system, responsible for protocol processing, system security, and software upgrades.
* Switch Fabric Unit (SFU): Provides the data plane, enabling high-speed data switching between service modules.
* Line Processing Unit (LPU): Manages data forwarding, offering various interfaces (optical and electrical) for data access.

Q133. The native AC function allows an agile switch to integrate AC capabilities, achieving wired and wireless convergence. The agile switch centrally manages wired and wireless service traffic.

TRUE

FALSE

The native AC (Access Controller) function in Huawei’s agile switches enables wired and wireless convergence. This integration allows the agile switch to act as both a wired network switch and a wireless controller, managing all traffic centrally. This architecture simplifies network management and improves efficiency, making the statement true .

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Huawei H12-821_V1.0 certification exam is intended for network engineers, network architects, and network administrators who are responsible for designing and managing large-scale data communication networks. H12-821_V1.0 exam is also suitable for those who wish to enhance their skills and knowledge in the field of data communication networks. HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology V1.0 certification is recognized globally, and it demonstrates the ability to design and deploy complex data communication networks using Huawei technologies.

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