Provide Valid CISA Dumps To Help You Prepare For Certified Information Systems Auditor Exam Jan 14, 2026 [Q119-Q140]

Admin accounts typically have the highest level of privileges and access to sensitive data. If the passwords for these accounts are not set to expire, it increases the risk of unauthorized access and potential security breaches. This is especially true if an admin’s credentials are compromised, as the attacker could have ongoing access to critical systems and data1.
References:
* Database Auditing – Satori

The best testing approach to facilitate rapid identification of application interface errors is automated testing.
Automated testing is the use of software tools or scripts to execute predefined test cases, compare expected and actual outcomes, and report any discrepancies. Automated testing can help to speed up the testing process, increase test coverage, reduce human errors, and improve test accuracy and consistency. Automated testing can also help to detect interface errors that may occur due to incompatible data formats, communication protocols, or system configurations. References:
* CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 3, Section 3.3.11
* CISA Online Review Course, Domain 2, Module 2, Lesson 1

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Intrusion Detection Systems are designed to detect network attacks in progress and assist in post-attack forensics, while audit trails and logs serve a similar function for individual systems.

Section: Protection of Information Assets
Explanation:
An IS auditor’s primary responsibility is to advise senior management of the risk involved in not implementing proper segregation of duties, such as having the security administrator perform an operations function.

Section: Protection of Information Assets
Explanation:
Calculating cryptographic hashes for wireless communications allows the device receiving the
communications to verify that the received communications have not been altered in transit. This prevents
masquerading and message modification attacks. Device authentication and data origin authentication is
not the correct answer since authenticating wireless endpoints to each other prevents man-in-the-middle
attacks and masquerading. Wireless iDS/lPSs is not the correct answer since wireless IDS/lPS shave the
ability to detect misconfigured devices and rogue devices, and detect and possibly stop certain types of
attacks. Packet headers and trailers alone do not ensure that the content has not been altered.

A write-once CD cannot be overwritten. Therefore, the system log duplicated on the disk could be compared to the original log to detect differences, which could be the result of changes made by an intruder. Write-protecting the system log does not prevent deletion or modification, since the superuser can override the write protection. Backup and mirroring may overwrite earlier files and may not be current.

Section: Protection of Information Assets

Section: Information System Acquisition, Development and Implementation Explanation:
In table lookups input data comply with predefined criteria maintained in computerized table of possible values. For example, an input check enters a city code of 1 to 10. This number corresponds with a computerize table that matches a code to a city name.
For CISA exam you should know below mentioned data validation edits and controls Sequence Check – The control number follows sequentially and any sequence or duplicated control numbers are rejected or noted on an exception report for follow-up purposes. For example, invoices are numbered sequentially. The day’s invoice begins with 12001 and ends with 15045. If any invoice larger than
15045 is encountered during processing, that invoice would be rejected as an invalid invoice number.
Limit Check – Data should not exceed a predefined amount. For example, payroll checks should not exceed US $ 4000. If a check exceeds US $ 4000, data would be rejected for further verification/ authorization.
Validity Check – Programmed checking of data validity in accordance with predefined criteria. For example, a payroll record contains a field for marital status and the acceptable status codes are M or S. If any other code is entered, record should be rejected.
Range Check – Data should not exceed a predefined range of values. For example, product type code range from 100 to 250. Any code outside this range should be rejected as an invalid product type.
Reasonableness check – Input data are matched to predefined reasonable limits or occurrence rates. For example, a widget manufacturer usually receives an order for no more than 20 widgets. If an order for more than 20 widgets is received, the computer program should be designed to print the record with a warning indicating that the order appears unreasonable.
Table Lookups – Input data comply with predefined criteria maintained in computerized table of possible values. For example, an input check enters a city code of 1 to 10. This number corresponds with a computerize table that matches a code to a city name.
Existence Check – Data are entered correctly and agree with valid predefined criteria. For example, a valid transaction code must be entered in transaction code field.
Key verification – The keying process is repeated by a separate individual using a machine that compares the original key stroke to the repeated keyed input. For ex. the worker number is keyed twice and compared to verify the keying process.
Check digit – a numeric value that has been calculated mathematically is added to a data to ensure that original data have not been p[ altered or incorrect, but Valid, value substituted. This control is effective in detecting transposition and transcription error. For ex. A check digit is added to an account number so it can be checked for accuracy when it is used.
Completeness check – a filed should always contain data rather than zero or blanks. A check of each byte of that field should be performed to determine that some form of data, or not blanks or zeros, is present.
For ex. A worker number on a new employee record is left blank. His is identified as a key in filed and the record would be rejected, with a request that the field be completed before the record is accepted for processing.
Duplicate check – new transaction is matched to those previously input to ensure that they have not already been entered. For ex. A vendor invoice number agrees with previously recorded invoice to ensure that the current order is not a duplicate and, therefore, the vendor will not be paid twice.
Logical relationship check – if a particular condition is true, then one or more additional conditions or data input relationship may be required to be true and consider the input valid. For ex. The hire data of an employee may be required to be true and consider the input valid. For ex. The hire date of an employee may be required to be more than 16 years past his her date of birth.
The following were incorrect answers:
Range Check – Data should not exceed a predefined range of values. For example, product type code range from 100 to 250. Any code outside this range should be rejected as an invalid product type.
Existence Check – Data are entered correctly and agree with valid predefined criteria. For example, a valid transaction code must be entered in transaction code field.
Reasonableness check – Input data are matched to predefined reasonable limits or occurrence rates. For example, a widget manufacturer usually receives an order for no more than 20 widgets. If an order for more than 20 widgets is received, the computer program should be designed to print the record with a warning indicating that the order appears unreasonable.
Reference:
CISA review manual 2014 Page number 215

Parallel processing is a system implementation approach that involves running the new system and the old system simultaneously for a period of time until the new system is verified and accepted. The primary advantage of parallel processing is that it provides assurance that the new system meets performance requirements and produces the same or better results as the old system. Parallel processing also minimizes the risk of system failure and data loss, as the old system can be used as a backup or fallback option in case of any problems with the new system.

Section: Protection of Information Assets
Explanation:
Storing the system log in write-once media ensures the log cannot be modified. Write- protecting the
system log does not prevent deletion or modification, since the superuser or users that have special
permission can override the write protection. Writing a duplicate log to another server or daily printing of the
system log cannot prevent unauthorized changes.

Section: Protection of Information Assets
Explanation:
Screensaver passwords are an effective control to implement as a countermeasure for the vulnerability of data entry operators potentially leaving their computers without logging off.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Redundancy by building some form of duplication into the network components, such as a link, router or switch to prevent loss, delays or data duplication is a control over component communication failure or error. Other related controls are loop/echochecks to detect line errors, parity checks, error correction codes and sequence checks. Choices A, B and D are communication network controls.

Explanation
The mitigating factor that would most significantly minimize the impact of not renewing IT risk acceptances in a timely manner is having documented compensating controls over the business processes. Compensating controls are alternative controls that reduce or eliminate the risk when the primary control is not feasible or cost-effective. The other factors, such as previous approval by senior management, unchanged business environment, and small percentage of issues, do not mitigate the risk as effectively as compensating controls.
References: ISACA CISA Review Manual 27th Edition Chapter 1